Voltage transformers (VT) are used in electrical grids for metering and/or protection purposes. The high requirements regarding their precision demand a calibration ...

Q: The percent impedance of a transformer is also the voltage drop of the transformer at full load. What is the voltage drop of a transformer at various other load levels, i.e. 25%, 50%, 75% or in ...

Engineers whose work involves testing in substations face two important challenges. The first is having the right equipment at hand to carry out the wide range of tests that are often required, and ...

Dual-band impedance transformers and matching networks are pivotal components in modern high-frequency systems, facilitating efficient power transfer between disparate circuit elements by converting ...

All electrical systems are susceptible to short circuits and the abnormal current levels they create. These currents can produce considerable thermal and mechanical stresses in electrical distribution ...

WHEN an electric generator is accidentally short-circuited, huge currents are developed and unless the ‘pcircuit-breakers’ act promptly, serious damage may be done to the generator and there is a risk ...

The question of time vs. frequency, as the most useful measurement domain, has long been a controversial topic. In some cases, it leads to rather heated discussions. The argument in favor of a vector ...